What technique is vital to ensure a successful phlebotomy?

Placing the tourniquet above the site of venipuncture is a vital technique in ensuring a successful phlebotomy because it helps engorge the veins with blood, making them more prominent and easier to access. When the tourniquet is applied just above the intended venipuncture site, it temporarily restricts blood flow, providing a clear view of the veins and allowing the phlebotomist to locate the best site for needle insertion. This practice increases the likelihood of obtaining a successful blood sample on the first attempt, reducing discomfort and anxiety for the patient.

Inserting the needle at a 90-degree angle is not always appropriate, as the angle of insertion may need to be adjusted depending on the depth of the vein and the gauge of the needle used. Likewise, using a large needle for all patients is not practical, as patient sizes and vein sizes vary; using an appropriately sized needle based on the patient's characteristics is crucial for minimizing discomfort and ensuring an effective blood draw. Applying excessive pressure during insertion can cause trauma to the vein and increase the risk of complications, such as hemolysis or hematoma. Therefore, proper technique and patient assessment are critical for successful phlebotomy.