What is a common complication of venipuncture?

Hematoma formation is a common complication of venipuncture because it occurs when blood leaks from the vein into the surrounding tissue. This leakage can happen if the needle punctures through the vein or if there is insufficient pressure applied to the site after the needle is removed. The result is a localized collection of blood that can cause swelling, discoloration, and discomfort in the area. It is essential for phlebotomists to recognize this complication, as it can be a source of concern for patients and may require further assessment or management, such as applying pressure or using ice to reduce swelling.

While complications like hemorrhage (which involves excessive bleeding) can occur, they are less common than hematoma formation. Hypertension and severe headaches are not directly associated with the physical act of venipuncture and do not typically arise from the procedure itself. Understanding the likelihood of hematoma formation helps prepare phlebotomists to inform patients about potential risks and proper aftercare.