How should the site be prepared before drawing blood?

The proper method for preparing the site before drawing blood involves cleaning the skin with a suitable antiseptic solution to minimize the risk of infection. Using 70% isopropyl alcohol in a circular motion is effective because this technique ensures a thorough cleansing of the area. Starting from the center of the site and moving outward in circles helps to remove contaminants and microbes, reducing the risk of introducing bacteria into the bloodstream during the blood draw. Allowing the site to dry completely is also essential, as this process enhances the antiseptic's effectiveness and reduces the sensation of stinging that may occur with an alcohol prep when it is applied to wet skin.

Using alcohol in a back-and-forth motion may not provide as thorough coverage as the circular method, while alternatives like non-alcohol antiseptic wipes may not be as effective against bacteria. Shaving hair at the site can also introduce micro-abrasions that increase the risk of infection and is typically unnecessary if the skin is properly prepared. Thus, cleaning with 70% isopropyl alcohol in a circular motion and allowing it to dry is the best practice for ensuring the site is adequately prepared prior to a blood draw.